DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND FABRICATION OF RECIPROCATING PUMP

Reciprocating pumps are those which cause the fluid to move using one or more oscillating pistons, plungers or membranes (diaphragms).

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To ‘Reciprocate’ means ‘To Move Backwards and Forwards’. A ‘RECIPROCATING’ pump therefore, is one with a forward and backward operating action. The simplest reciprocating pump is the ‘Bicycle Pump’, which everyone at some time or other will have used to re-inflate their bike tyres.

Reciprocating-type pumps require a system of suction and discharge valves to ensure that the fluid moves in a positive direction. Pumps in this category range from having “simplex” one cylinder, to in some cases “quad” four cylinders or more. Most reciprocating-type pumps are “duplex” (two) or “triplex” (three) cylinder.

Furthermore, they can be either “single acting” independent suction and discharge strokes or “double acting” suction and discharge in both directions. The pumps can be powered by air, steam or through a belt drive from an engine or motor.

This type of pump was used extensively in the early days of steam propulsion (19th century) as boiler feed water pumps.

Reciprocating pumps are now typically used for pumping highly viscous fluids including concrete and heavy oils, and special applications demanding low flow rates against high resistance.

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